High Levels Of Sedentary Time Research Articles

Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour are associated with C-reactive protein in US adults who get insufficient sleep: A threshold and isotemporal substitution effect analysis

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and chronic inflammation in short sleep adults. The study included 2,113 NHANES participants with self-reported insufficient sleep. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as the inflammatory biomarker. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were objectively measured by accelerometers. Weighted regression model, two – piecewise linear regression model, and restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate associations mentioned above. An isotemporal substitution model was used to assess the modelled effects of replacing sedentary time (ST) with moderate-to-vigorous levels of physical activity (MVPA) or light physical activity (LPA). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, higher levels of ST and lower levels of LPA or MVPA were associated with higher CRP levels. Isotemporal substitution analysis indicated that replacing 30 minutes of ST with 30 minutes of MVPA was associated with a significant decrease in CRP levels. Saturation analysis suggested that the association between MVPA and CRP may plateau at over 20 minutes of MVPA per day. Findings of this study provides insight into the potential benefits of replacing ST with MVPA. This study also suggests that increasing MVPA beyond a certain point may not provide additional anti-inflammatory benefits in a short sleep population.

Content and face validity of quality-of-life instruments for youth with visual impairments: A Delphi study

Youth with visual impairments (VI) who are physically active are more likely to have higher quality of life (QoL) outcomes, however, typically have higher levels of sedentary time and decreased motor competence, health-related fitness, and physical activity levels than their sighted peers. A major challenge in examining the relationship between QoL and physical activity among children with VI is a lack of psychometrically vetted assessment instruments. The purpose of this Delphi study was to explore the preliminary content and face validity for two measures of QoL for youth with VI by achieving expert consensus on the items of the PedsQL™ and the revised HEAR-QL (now named VISION-QL) survey. A panel of 11 experts in VI assessed each item of the PedsQL™ and VISION-QL on the appropriateness for youth with VI and overall clarity using a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 ( completely disagree) to 4 ( completely agree). In addition, experts provided feedback on whether the revised questions maintained the meaning from the original question. Panelists were instructed to provide feedback for scores below 3 regarding how to improve the clarity or appropriateness of the item. Items with a median score below 3.25 and 70% agreement were revised and then distributed to the expert panel for a second assessment using the same Likert-type scale and instructions to leave comments for scores below 3. Thirty-four questions were revised for the VISION-QL survey from the HEAR-QL survey. Both instruments reached consensus following two rounds. The results of this study feature the first initial vettings for two separate QoL measures evaluated specifically for ecological validity for individuals with VI. Practitioners can now choose depending upon who their target audience is (e.g., child vs. caregiver) and can do so with confidence.

Accumulating Sedentary Time and Physical Activity From Childhood to Adolescence and Cardiac Function in Adolescence.

Increased physical activity (PA) may mitigate the negative cardiovascular health effects of sedentary behavior in adolescents. However, the relationship of PA and sedentary time from childhood with cardiac function in adolescence remains underexplored. Therefore, we investigated the associations of cumulative sedentary time and PA from childhood to adolescence with cardiac function in adolescence. Participants were 153 adolescents (69 girls) who were aged 6 to 8 years at baseline, 8 to 10 years at 2-year follow-up, and 15 to 17 years at 8-year follow-up. Cumulative sedentary time and PA exposure between baseline and 2-year follow-up and between baseline and 8-year follow-up were measured using a combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor. Cardiac function was assessed using impedance cardiography at 8-year follow-up. The data were analyzed using linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex. Cumulative moderate to vigorous PA (standardized regression coefficient [β]=-0.323 [95% CI, -0.527 to -0.119]) and vigorous PA (β=-0.295 [95% CI, -0.508 to -0.083]) from baseline to 8-year follow-up were inversely associated with cardiac work at 8-year follow-up. Conversely, cumulative sedentary time had a positive association (β=0.245 [95% CI, 0.092-0.398]). Cumulative vigorous PA from baseline to 8-year follow-up was inversely associated with cardiac work index at 8-year follow-up (β=-0.218 [95% CI, -0.436 to 0.000]). Higher levels of sedentary time and lower levels of PA during childhood were associated with higher cardiac work in adolescence, highlighting the importance of increasing PA and reducing sedentary time from childhood.

Deep breathing exercise at work: Potential applications and impact.

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and daily deep breathing exercise (DBE) is a promising intervention to reduce blood pressure and stress in adults. DBE is simple, time-efficient, and does not require specialized equipment, allowing participation in a wide variety of settings. The workplace is an ideal setting to implement DBE at the national level for several reasons, including a large proportion of waking hours spent in the workplace, high levels of sedentary time at work, prevalence of work-related stress, and regular breaks throughout the day potentially reducing worker error. While the degree of adherence to daily workplace DBE will be the responsibility of the individual, employers and managers can (and should) do much to remove barriers to participation. Specifically, this could include: implementing regular short breaks or classes to perform DBE throughout the day, covering subscription costs for smartphone applications that guide DBE, and creating incentive programs for continuing DBE participation. Implementing DBE in the workplace is a pragmatic approach to provide a low-cost blood pressure and stress reduction therapy to a substantial portion of the adult population in the US, at least 50% of whom have high blood pressure.

Physical activity and relationship to physical function, quality of life, and cognitive function in older patients with acute decompensated heart failure

Volitional physical activity level is predictive of a variety of health outcomes, but has not been examined in patients recently hospitalized for acute decompensated HF (ADHF). Ten to 14 days after index hospitalization for ADHF, 93 participants wore a wrist-mounted triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) to objectively quantify sedentary behavior, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Levels were compared to 2 groups of age-matched NHANES participants: healthy and chronic, stable HF. The relationship between physical activity levels and physical function [Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)], HF-specific quality-of-life (QOL) [Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)], and cognition [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)] were examined. ADHF participants accumulated a median 1,008 (IQR 896, 1,109) minutes of sedentary time, 88 (57, 139) minutes of light physical activity, and 10 (6, 25) minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. Sedentary time, light physical activity, or moderate-to-vigorous activity did not differ by sex or EF subtype. ADHF participants spent only 9% of awake time nonsedentary, compared to 34% and 27% for healthy adults and adults with chronic, stable HF, respectively. Among ADHF participants, SPPB, KCCQ, and MOCA scores did not differ among quartiles of total physical activity. Older patients recently hospitalized for ADHF have very low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary time, both of which may be potential targets for interventions in this high-risk population. Physical activity level was not significantly associated with objectively measured physical function, QOL, or cognition, suggesting that this measure provides independent information regarding the patient experience of living with HF. NCT02196038, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02196038.

P03-12 Falling between two stools: parents' experience of supporting their children with cerebral palsy (GMFCS I-II) living an active life

BackgroundChildren and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) are a vulnerable group who find it challenging to meet current physical activity guidelines, which predispose them to the negative health implications associated with low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary time. For these reasons, a key role for many clinicians, parents, and other practitioners is to encourage and facilitate an increase in habitual physical activity and reduce the amount of time spent sedentary, in order to optimize long-term health outcomes.In Denmark, there is a strong tradition of practicing habitual exercise at leisure activities (83% of children and adolescents). When participating in leisure activities these children are being physically active as well as experiencing being a part of a community. Children and adolescents living with CP are often not able to participate in regular leisure activities, which excludes them from the active and social life that's happening there. This study focuses on parents of children with GMFCS I-II, who, due to their good walking abilities, may be more likely to be able to participate in regular leisure activities.This study aims to explore the daily life and challenges described by parents in their pursuit of supporting their children with CP living a physically active life. This knowledge can be used by parents, clinicians, coaches, teachers, and other practitioners to guide families living with CP towards a more physically active lifestyle and possibly optimize long-term physical and social health outcomes for children and adolescents with CP.MethodsEleven parents of children with CP (n = 7) (GMFCS I-II) aged 7-15 years participated in seven semi-structured interviews. Thematical analysis was performed to understand the data material.Results and conclusionsThe main challenge described by parents was formulated as ‘Falling between two stools’ referring to the experience of their child being ‘too good’ for adapted leisure activities, but at the same time wanting to participate in regular leisure activities, but performing a little too poorly, to feel included. It was found that a reigning performance culture in regular leisure activities was perceived as a barrier for the participation of these children.

P03-11 Talking to Danish children/adolescents living with cerebral palsy and their parents about perceived motivators and barriers for being physically active - a family perspective

BackgroundChildren and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) are a vulnerable group who find it challenging to meet current physical activity guidelines, which predispose them to the negative health implications associated with low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary time. For these reasons, a key role for many clinicians, parents, and other practitioners working with children and adolescents with cerebral palsy is to encourage and facilitate an increase in habitual physical activity and reduce the amount of time spent sedentary, in order to optimize long-term health outcomes. Since 2014 Danish schools have been committed to enhance physical activity during the school day, but teachers still find it challenging to include children and adolescents with special needs. In Denmark, there is a strong tradition of practicing habitual exercise in the voluntary sports clubs (83% of children and adolescents). In sports clubs, these children are being physically active as well as experiencing being a part of a community. Children and adolescents living with CP are often not able to participate in these sports clubs which excludes them from the active and social life that's happening there. This study acknowledges that parents of children and adolescents living with CP play an important role in supporting them being physically active. Therefore, this study aims to identify perceived barriers and motivators for being physically active, experienced by this particular group of children and parents. This knowledge can be used by parents, clinicians, coaches, teachers and other practitioners to guide families living with CP towards a more physically active lifestyle and possibly optimize long-term physical and social health outcomes for children and adolescents with CP.MethodsThis study will investigate the children's and parents' perceptions of motivators and barriers. The study is designed as a multi-family member interview study involving 10-14 combined in-depth interviews with children aged 8-15 (GMFCS I-III) and their parents. Interviews will be analysed thematically within and between groups.Results and conclusionsThe study will take place in spring 2020 as a part of a pre-graduate research year and thus data and conclusions will be presented at the conference.

Dose-response association between sedentary time and incident of diabetes in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: The 4C study

AimsTo investigate the dose-response relationship of total sedentary time with incident diabetes in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. MethodsThe present study followed 100,525 participants aged ≥ 40 years old from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study, which was a prospective study conducted in 25 communities across mainland China. Associations between sedentary time and incident diabetes were assessed with Cox regression and restricted cubic splines. ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 7,529 participants developed diabetes. After adjustment for multiple variables, high levels of sedentary time (≥ 30 h/week) was associated with increased risk for developing diabetes (hazards ratio, 1.08; 95 % confidence intervals 1.02, 1.14) compared with low levels of sedentary time (<20 h/week). Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed an inverted U-shaped relation between sedentary time with diabetes. Subgroup analyses found that the observed association remained significant in subgroup of individuals with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/cm2 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mm Hg. However, the significant association was diminished in participants with sufficient physical activity (PA) (P = 0.22). ConclusionsThe multicenter, population-based, prospective study suggested an inverted U-shaped relation between sedentary time with diabetes. PA alleviated the deleterious effects associated with sedentary time.

COVID-19 survivors are physically inactive with high levels of sedentary time, regardless of patient characteristics, disease severity or cardiac dysfunction

Funding AcknowledgementsType of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Dutch Heart FoundationBackgroundMore than 250 million cases of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection were confirmed across the globe since 2020, leading to a substantial number of COVID-19 related hospital admissions. Many COVID-19 survivors experience long-term health consequences, but data on physical activity patterns and the impact on recovery post-infection are scarce.PurposeThis study aimed to objectively assess physical (in)activity patterns among COVID-19 survivors and to explore the association with patient characteristics, disease severity and cardiac dysfunction. We hypothesized that COVID-19 survivors will demonstrate low volumes of physical activity and a high sedentary time, especially those with a more severe disease course (e.g. longer hospital duration; admission to intensive care), cardiac dysfunction, and persistent symptoms at 3-6 months post-discharge.MethodsIn this cross-sectional cohort study, we objectively assessed physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep duration for 24 hrs/day during 8 subsequent days in COVID-19 survivors at 3-6 months post-hospitalisation. Activity patterns were compared across pre-defined subgroups based on patient- and disease characteristics, cardiac biomarker release during hospitalisation, abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram regarding left- and right ventricular function and volumes at 3-6 months of follow-up, and persistence of symptoms post-discharge.ResultsPhysical activity patterns were assessed in 37 patients (60±10 years old; 78% male) at 125 [116; 132] days after discharge. Patients spent 4.2 [3.2; 5.3] hrs/day in light-intensity physical activity and 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] hrs/day in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Median sleep duration was 8.6 [8.2; 9.1] hrs/day. Time spent sitting was 9.8 [8.7; 11.2] hrs/day, which was accumulated in 6.0 [4.7; 6.9] prolonged sitting bouts (≥30 min) and 41.4 [31.5; 48.1] short sitting bouts (<30 min, Central Figure). No differences in activity patterns were found across subgroups, but sleep duration was slightly higher in women versus men (9.2 vs 8.5 hrs/day, p=0.03) and patients with versus without persistent symptoms (9.1 vs 8.3 hrs/day, p=0.02).ConclusionsCOVID-19 survivors are physically inactive for most of their time at 3-6 months post-hospitalisation. Physical (in)activity patterns are not impacted by patient- nor disease characteristics, underlining the need for a uniform approach for re-activation of COVID-19 survivors.Central Figure.A: objectively measured light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), sleep duration and sedentary time in COVID-19 patients at 3-6 months post-hospitalisation (median and interquartile range).B: sitting bout frequency (mean + standard deviation).Central Figure

High Levels of Sedentary Time in Patients with COVID-19 after Hospitalisation.

Many patients with COVID-19 experience severe and even fatal disease. Survivors may have long-term health consequences, but data on physical activity and sedentary behaviour are scarce. Therefore, we objectively assessed physical activity (PA) patterns among post-hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and explored associations with patient characteristics, disease severity and cardiac dysfunction. We objectively assessed PA, sedentary behaviour and sleep duration for 24 h/day during 8 days at 3-6 months after COVID-19 hospitalisation. PA and sedentary time were compared across pre-defined subgroups based on patient and disease characteristics, cardiac biomarker release during hospitalisation, abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram at 3-6 months post-hospitalisation and persistence of symptoms post-discharge. PA and sedentary behaviour were assessed in 37 patients (60 ± 10 years old; 78% male). Patients spent 4.2 [3.2; 5.3] h/day light-intensity PA and 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] h/day moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA. Time spent sitting was 9.8 [8.7; 11.2] h/day, which was accumulated in 6 [5; 7] prolonged sitting bouts (≥30 min) and 41 [32; 48] short sitting bouts (<30 min). No differences in PA and sedentary behaviour were found across subgroups, but sleep duration was higher in patients with versus without persistent symptoms (9.1 vs. 8.3 h/day, p = 0.02). Taken together, high levels of sedentary time are common at 3–6 months after COVID-19 hospitalisation, whilst PA and sedentary behaviour are not impacted by patient or disease characteristics.

An Exploration of Domain-Specific Sedentary Behaviors in College Students by Lifestyle Factors and Sociodemographics

College students exhibit high levels of sedentary time and/or poor lifestyle factors (e.g., poor sleep, stress, physical inactivity). It is unknown; however, in what domains college students spend their sedentary time and whether there are associations between sedentary time and these lifestyle factors. This study examined sedentary behavior of college students by domains, current lifestyle factors and sociodemographics. Undergraduates (n = 272, M age = 20 years, 79% female) self-reported their sedentary behavior, sleep, stress, physical activity, anthropometrics and sociodemographics. Sedentary time was categorized as: total, recreational screen, education and social. Students reported spending > 12 h of their day sedentary on average, with over a third of this time spent in recreational screen time. All categories of sedentary time were significantly correlated with body mass index, and both total sedentary time and screen time were significantly correlated with sleep score, with poorer sleep quality associated with greater sedentary time. Physical activity was negatively correlated with social sedentary time only. Subgroups with elevated sedentary time included minority students, those with low parental education and students with overweight/obesity. Given the negative health impacts of sedentary behavior, college students would likely benefit from interventions tailored to this population which target reducing sedentary time, particularly recreational screen time.

Physical activity and sedentary time: associations with fatigue, pain, and depressive symptoms over 4years post-treatment among breast cancer survivors.

Despite the recommendations for cancer survivors to engage in physical activity (PA), little is known about the effects of both PA and sedentary time (ST) on key health symptoms. This study prospectively examined the lifestyle behaviors of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST as predictors of depressive symptoms, pain, and fatigue in breast cancer survivors using longitudinal data from early post-treatment to 4-year survivorship. Breast cancer survivors (n = 199, mean(SD) age = 55.0(11.0) years) self-reported depressive symptoms, pain, and fatigue, and wore an accelerometer to measure MVPA and ST every 3months during the first year (times 1 to 5) and 2 and 4years (times 6 and 8) post-cancer treatment. Linear mixed models were adjusted for personal (e.g., age, BMI, education) and cancer (e.g., stage, time since treatment) variables. MVPA and ST were independent predictors of depressive symptoms, but not fatigue, and only ST was associated with pain over 4years post-treatment. Higher levels of MVPA were associated with lower scores of depressive symptoms ([Formula: see text] (95%CI): - 0.062 (- 0.092, - 0.031) p < .001), whereas higher levels of ST were associated with higher scores of depressive symptoms ([Formula: see text] (95%CI): 0.023 (0.017, 0.028) p < .001). Higher levels of ST were associated with increased pain level over time ([Formula: see text] (95%CI): 0.017 (0.007, 0.027) p = .001). Rehabilitation interventions should aim to both increase MVPA and reduce ST to promote health and well-being among breast cancer survivors, in particular during the early post-treatment period.

A hierarchy of correlates impacting adults’ sensor-based physical activity and sedentary time

ABSTRACT Investigation into correlates across all levels of the socio-ecological model predictive of objectively measured physical activity has rarely been assessed in adults. While considering a diversity of correlates, we determined which correlates best predict sensor-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary-time (ST) in adults. A Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection algorithm was used to hierarchize the correlates associated with high ST (≥66.6thpercentile) and sufficient MVPA (≥150 min/week) in 865 adults. The main correlate predictive of being active was currently partaking in sport/exercise. The following relevant correlates were being male for the exercisers and having trees in the neighbourhood for the non-exercisers. The final correlate to boost male exercisers’ MVPA was having lots of shops in the neighbourhood and not having television in the bedroom for women. The primary correlate for high ST was job activity level, with individuals having highly active jobs being less likely to exhibit high levels of ST; being single, male, and a former athlete also increased the chances of being highly sedentary. To increase adults’ MVPA, promotion of sport participation, neighbourhood landscape planning, shop availability, as well as limiting television in the bedroom must be prioritized. For counteracting ST, increasing workplace activity level is warranted.

Australian bus drivers' modifiable and contextual risk factors for chronic disease: A workplace study.

IntroductionLittle is known about workplace health promotion for bus drivers. Bus drivers are at-risk of chronic disease because they are exposed to the risk factor combination of poor nutrition, low levels of physical activity, high levels of sedentary time and are often overweight or obese. The purpose of this paper is to situate the quantitative baseline data collected from bus drivers within qualitative findings about the socio-cultural context of the workplace.Materials and methodsBaseline data about physical activity, dietary intake and sedentary hours was collected from 58 drivers employed by a large bus company in southeast Queensland. Ten drivers and seven key workplace informants participated in interviews and discussion groups about driver health behaviours, workplace structure, culture, and resources.ResultsThe quantitative results of our study reveal bus drivers have a cluster of poor health behaviours—limited physical activity, lower than recommended consumption of fruit and vegetables and high levels of sitting time during working-hours—which contribute to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity and a heightened risk of chronic disease. The qualitative findings suggest there are individual and structural barriers to improving drivers’ modifiable health behaviours. Individual barriers include ingrained poor habits and more pressing life concerns, while structural barriers in the context of the workplace include time constraints, shift work, long days, a lack of work amenities and a general disconnect of drivers with their workplace.ConclusionIn this workplace, health promotion strategies for bus drivers should be prioritised as a means of improving drivers’ health. To maximise uptake and effectiveness, these strategies should make use of existing workplace resources and consider the context of workplace health behaviour change. Further research is warranted in a broader sample of Australian bus companies to explore the context of workplace health behavior change so targeted strategies to improve bus drivers’ health can be developed.

Objectively Measured Sedentary Levels and Bouts by Day Type in Australian Young Children.

This study aimed to understand whether a higher number of sedentary bouts (SED bouts) and higher levels of sedentary time (SED time) occur according to different day types (childcare days, nonchildcare weekdays, and weekends) in Australian toddlers (1-2.99y) and preschoolers (3-5.99y). The SED time and bouts were assessed using ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers. The sample was composed of 264 toddlers and 343 preschoolers. The SED bouts and time differences were calculated using linear mixed models. The toddlers' percentage of SED time was higher on nonchildcare days compared with childcare days (mean difference [MD] = 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.7 to 3.9). The toddlers had a higher number of 1- to 4-minute SED bouts on nonchildcare days compared with childcare days. The preschoolers presented higher percentages of SED time during nonchildcare days (MD = 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 4.5) and weekends (MD = 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 3.4) compared with childcare days. The preschoolers presented a higher number of SED bouts (1-4, 5-9, 10-19, and 20-30min) during nonchildcare days and weekends compared with childcare days. No SED times or bout differences were found between nonchildcare days and weekends, neither SED bouts >30minutes on toddlers nor on preschoolers. The SED time and bouts seem to be lower during childcare periods, which means that interventions to reduce sedentary time should consider targeting nonchildcare days and weekends.

Workplace Sedentary Behavior and Productivity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Reducing sedentary behavior in the workplace has become an important public health priority; however, some employers have expressed concerns regarding the potential for reduced productivity if employees are not seated while at work. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between workplace sedentary behavior (sitting time) and work productivity among full-time office-based employees, and further to investigate other potential factors associated with productivity. A 19-item online self-report survey was completed by 2068 government employees in Kansas. The survey assessed workplace sedentary behavior, work productivity, job satisfaction, and fatigue. Overall, office workers reported high levels of sedentary time (mean > 78%). The primary results indicated that sitting time was not significantly associated with productivity (β = 0.013, p = 0.519), but job satisfaction and fatigue were positively (β = 0.473, p < 0.001) and negatively (β = −0.047, p = 0.023) associated with productivity, respectively. Furthermore, participants with the highest level of sitting time (>91% of the time) reported lower job satisfaction and greater fatigue as compared with the lowest level of sitting time (<75% of the time). Taken together, these results offer promising support that less sitting time is associated with positive outcomes that do not seem to come at the expense of productivity.

Identification of asthma phenotypes based on extrapulmonary treatable traits.

Asthma is a heterogeneous and complex disease, and a description of asthma phenotypes based on extrapulmonary treatable traits has not been previously reported.The objective of this study was to identify and characterise clusters based on clinical, functional, anthropometrical and psychological characteristics in participants with moderate-to-severe asthma.This was a cross-sectional multicentre study involving centres from Brazil and Australia. Participants (n=296) with moderate-to-severe asthma were consecutively recruited. Physical activity and sedentary time, clinical asthma control, anthropometric data, pulmonary function and psychological and health status were evaluated. Participants were classified by hierarchical cluster analysis and the clusters compared using ANOVA, Kruskal--Wallis and Chi-squared tests. Multiple logistic and linear regression models were performed to evaluate the association between variables.We identified four clusters: 1) participants with controlled asthma who were physically active; 2) participants with uncontrolled asthma who were physically inactive and more sedentary; 3) participants with uncontrolled asthma and low physical activity, who were also obese and experienced anxiety and/or depression symptoms; and 4) participants with very uncontrolled asthma who were physically inactive, more sedentary, obese and experienced anxiety and/or depression symptoms. Higher levels of sedentary time, female sex and anxiety symptoms were associated with increased odds of exacerbation risk, while being more active showed a protective factor for hospitalisation. Asthma control was associated with sex, the occurrence of exacerbation, physical activity and health status.Physical inactivity, obesity and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were associated with worse asthma outcomes, and closely and inextricably associated with asthma control. This cluster analysis highlights the importance of assessing extrapulmonary traits to improve personalised management and outcomes for people with moderate and severe asthma.

Hypertension Treatment And The Amount Of Physical Activity And Sitting Behaviour - First Blood Pressure Then Exercise Compain

Physical inactivity is associated with many chronic diseases and premature mortality and increasing evidence also suggests that high levels of sedentary time may increase the risk of chronic diseases and mortality.All intensities of physical activity, including light intensity, are associated with a substantially reduced risk of death in a dose-response manner. A statistical significantly higher risk of death was observed for sedentary times of 9.5 or more hours daily. PURPOSE: By conducting a pilot survey among people interested in sports concerning physical activity and sedentary lifestyle, we analyse the need to conduct a nationwide educational campaign on the risks of sedentary behaviours in Poland. METHODS: The survey was conducted during the largest fitness fair in Poland, "Go Active Show", bringing together people associated professionally and amateurically with sport. 1,000 questionnaires were conducted, including questions based on the IPAQ Short Form questionnaire and NATPOL 2011 survey. Demographic data, number of minutes per day of moderate and intensive physical activity and number of hours per day spent sitting were assessed. For the first time in Poland we asked a question about the number of minutes of exercise and time spent on sitting. RESULTS: The study involved 1000 people, 58% of whom were women and 42% men, 55% people with higher education and 44% living in large cities. 62% of the participants had normal body weight. Sitting - 256 people (25.6%) declared 9.5 or more hours of sitting per day. On average, they spend 41.8 minutes a day on moderate physical activity and 29 minutes a day on intensive exercise. CONCLUSIONS: The study group was highly aware of the healthy lifestyle, as the majority of people with higher education and living in large cities with more than 500,000 citizens. They also presented a high level of physical activity. However, they are still not aware of the risks of sedentary behaviours and increased risk of premature death. Therefore, it is necessary to launch a nationwide educational campaign in this area in Poland.

Tracking of total sedentary time and sedentary patterns in youth: a pooled analysis using the International Children\u2019s Accelerometry Database (ICAD)

BackgroundTo gain more understanding of the potential health effects of sedentary time, knowledge is required about the accumulation and longitudinal development of young people’s sedentary time. This study examined tracking of young peoples’ total and prolonged sedentary time as well as their day-to-day variation using the International Children’s Accelerometry Database.MethodsLongitudinal accelerometer data of 5991 children (aged 4-17y) was used from eight studies in five countries. Children were included if they provided valid (≥8 h/day) accelerometer data on ≥4 days, including ≥1 weekend day, at both baseline and follow-up (average follow-up: 2.7y; range 0.7–8.2). Tracking of total and prolonged (i.e. ≥10-min bouts) sedentary time was examined using multilevel modelling to adjust for clustering of observations, with baseline levels of sedentary time as predictor and follow-up levels as outcome. Standardized regression coefficients were interpreted as tracking coefficients (low: < 0.3; moderate: 0.3–0.6; high: > 0.6).ResultsAverage total sedentary time at study level ranged from 246 to 387 min/day at baseline and increased annually by 21.4 min/day (95% confidence interval [19.6–23.0]) on average. This increase consisted almost entirely of prolonged sedentary time (20.9 min/day [19.2–22.7]). Total (standardized regression coefficient (B) = 0.48 [0.45–0.50]) and prolonged sedentary time (B = 0.43 [0.41–0.45]) tracked moderately. Tracking of day-to-day variation in total (B = 0.04 [0.02–0.07]) and prolonged (B = 0.07 [0.04–0.09]) sedentary time was low.ConclusionYoung people with high levels of sedentary time are likely to remain among the people with highest sedentary time as they grow older. Day-to-day variation in total and prolonged sedentary time, however, was rather variable over time.

How Sedentary Are University Students? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Accumulating high volumes of sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for multiple negative health-related outcomes. The objective of this review was to synthesise the evidence on the levels of sedentary behaviour in university students. Screened records from 13 databases were included if (i) published after 2007 and (ii) reported on university students' amount of total or domain-specific sedentary behaviour. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were conducted to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity (moderators). A total of 125 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were cross-sectional (84%) and reported screen time (61%) or total sedentary time (39%). Self-reported data indicated that university students spend 7.29h per day being sedentary. The levels of total sedentary behaviour were significantly higher when measured with accelerometers (M = 9.82h per day). Computer use presented significantly higher prevalence over other modalities of screen time. Among the explored factors (i.e. countries' income, age, gender, and study's publication date), only publication date significantly moderated sedentary behaviour. Results suggest that a considerable proportion of university students (i) engage in higher levels of sedentary time compared to the general young adult population and (ii) accumulate levels of sedentary time that have been associated with an increased risk for detrimental health outcomes. In addition, meta-regression analyses suggest that sedentary time has increased over the last 10-year period among university students. These findings may inform future initiatives and policies targeting university students' sedentary behaviour. Further research is needed to identify the factors moderating sedentary behaviour in the university setting.